Affiliations: Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Dental Center, Seoul, Korea; formerly Prosthodontics Graduate Program, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Indiana University School of Dentistry, IN, USA | Dental Materials Division, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Indiana University School of Dentistry, 1121 West Michigan Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202‐5186, USA
Note: [] Corresponding author: Prof. Dr. Yoshiki Oshida, PhD, Dental Materials Division, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN 46202‐5186, USA. Tel.: +1 317 274 3725; Fax: +1 317 274 2419; E‐mail: yoshida@iupui.edu.
Abstract: The cell attachment to bioapplicable titanium surfaces is an important parameter in the area of clinical implant dentistry and medicine. A major consideration in designing implants has been to produce surfaces that promote desirable responses in the cells and tissues contacting the implants. In this study, three titanium materials (commercially pure titanium – CPT –, Ti‐6Al‐4V, and TiNi) were treated mechanically, chemically, mechano‐chemically, and thermally to produce concave surfaces with varying roughness. Using four media (distilled water, 1% NaCl aqueous solution, a suspension of human neutrophils, and a suspension of the MG‐63 osteoblast‐like cells), the initial contact angles were measured. Six readings (three drops each measured by two observers) were collected for each material and for each medium. The interclass correlation coefficients were used for the group comparisons. A one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's HSD (honestly significant difference) statistical analyses were employed. It was found, for CPT, that (1) statistically, there were no significant differences among four media in contact angles, (2) the contact angle increased linearly with average roughness when the angles were higher than 45 degrees, and (3) the contact angle decreased linearly with roughness when the angle was less than 45 degrees.
