Quality assurance system using statistical process control: An implementation for image cytometry

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Chiu, David^; | Guillaud, Martial | Cox, Dennis | Follen, Michele^{; ; ;} | MacAulay, Calum

Affiliations: Department of Cancer Imaging, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada | Department of Statistics, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA | Department of Gynecology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA | Biomedical Engineering Center, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA | The Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA | Perceptronix Medical Inc., Vancouver, BC, Canada

Note: [] Corresponding author: Dr Michele Follen, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 193, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Tel.: +1 713 745 2564; Fax: +1 713 792 4856; E‐mail: mfollen@mdanderson.org.

Abstract: Aims: Optical technologies have shown some promise for improving the care of cervical neoplasia. We are currently evaluating fluorescence and reflectance spectroscopy and quantitative cyto‐histopathology for cervical neoplasia screening and diagnosis. Here we describe the establishment and application of a quality assurance (QA) system for detecting system malfunctions and assessing the comparability of four image cytometers used in a multicenter clinical trial. Methods: Our QA system involves three levels of evaluation based on the periodicity and complexity of the measurements. We implemented our QA system at three image cytometers at the British Columbia Cancer Agency and one at M.D. Anderson Cancer Center. The measurements or tasks were performed daily, monthly, and semi‐annually. The current and voltage of the lamp, the calibration image characteristics, and the room temperature were checked daily. Long‐term stability over time, short‐term variability over time, and spatial response field uniformity were evaluated monthly. Camera linearity was measured semi‐annually. Control charts based on statistical process control techniques were used to detect when the system did not perform optimally. Results: Daily measurements have shown good consistency in room temperature, lamp and calibration behaviour. Monthly measurements have shown small coefficients of variation between and within the four devices. There have been greater differences between sessions than within sessions. Comparability among the four systems is reasonably good. Semi‐annual measurements have shown stable camera linearity. QA events were detected using the QA system. Multiple examples of event detection leading to correction of system malfunction are described in this report. Conclusions: QA programs are critical for ensuring data integrity and therefore for the conduct of multicenter clinical trials.

Keywords: Image cytometry, quality assurance, quality control, statistical process control, histopathology, quantitative, cytology, quantitative, technology assessment, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, lesions, squamous intraepithelial

Journal: Analytical Cellular Pathology, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 101-117, 2004