Searching for just a few words should be enough to get started. If you need to make more complex queries, use the tips below to guide you.
Purchase individual online access for 1 year to this journal.
Price: EUR 290.00Impact Factor 2023: 0.6
The aim of the International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics is to contribute to intersciences coupling applied electromagnetics, mechanics and materials. The journal also intends to stimulate the further development of current technology in industry. The main subjects covered by the journal are:
- Physics and mechanics of electromagnetic materials and devices
- Computational electromagnetic in materials and devices
- Applications of electromagnetic fields and forces
The three interrelated key subjects - materials, electromagnetics and mechanics - include the following aspects: control, micromachines, intelligent structure, inverse problem, eddy current analysis, electromagnetic NDE, magnetic materials, magnetoelastic effects in materials, bioelectromagnetics, magnetosolid mechanics, magnetic levitations, applied physics of superconductors, superconducting magnet technology, superconducting propulsion system, nuclear fusion reactor components and wave propagation in electromagnetic fields.
Authors: Narváez, Alexis | Carretero, Claudio | Acero, Jesús
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Energy efficiency is the primary objective in optimal design of inductive power components. This goal is totally aligned with the minimization of power losses in the coils. Typically, coils have been constructed by wire winding but, more recently, the utilization of printed circuit board (PCB) constructions has become more common due to their advantages, i. e. low profile and ease of fabrication, among others. At the operating frequencies of magnetic power devices, multi-conductor cabling with litz structure is required to reduce losses. PCB loss optimization procedure involves determining the number and size of the tracks. Numerical simulation is a very …powerful tool to obtain the parameters of magnetic devices. However, including the internal structure of multi-track wiring in the numerical simulation implies a very high computational cost and a low accuracy of the results, because the size of the tracks is very small. Techniques of homogenization of the cabling are used to overcome such difficulty, disregarding the internal structure in order to determine the fields in the system and their electrical equivalent by means of computational simulation. The coil losses are further determined on the basis of the characteristics of the cabling as well as of the surrounding fields. The preceding procedure has proven to be suitable for cables composed of strands of circular cross-section, but should be adjusted to apply to tracks of rectangular cross-section. In this paper, different homogenization techniques for PCB coils have been proposed and evaluated. A highly symmetric reference system is selected to reduce the computational cost of numerical modeling, but the conclusions can be applied to more complicated geometries without loss of generality. Finally, the results of the different homogenization techniques have been validated by comparison with experimental results. Show more
Keywords: Induction heating, magnetic devices, home appliances, electromagnetic analysis
DOI: 10.3233/JAE-230184
Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Giangolini, Matteo | Betti Beneventi, Giovanni | Babini, Andrea
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Measure of temperature dynamics in induction sealing processes is of paramount importance for the validation of physics-based models. In this work, commonly used commercial tools for temperature measurements, such as thermocouples, pyrometers and thermal cameras, are benchmarked for the characterization of the temperature dynamics occurring in multilayer aluminum foil-based packaging material undergoing relatively fast (i.e., ×100 ms) induction heating transients.
Keywords: Induction heating, thermography, emissivity, thermographic camera, pyrometer, thermocouple
DOI: 10.3233/JAE-230177
Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2024
Authors: Boukhenoufa, Farouk | Ikhlef, Nabil | Aomar, Lyes | Hacib, Tarik
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Toroidal transformers are designed using a circular core instead of the traditional laminated rectangular core, which reduces inductance losses and increases efficiency. The primary goal of this study is to understand the cooling mechanisms involved in electrical transformers, which are critical components in power systems. Steady electromagnetic, fluid flow and temperature equations are simultaneously solved (direct method) using the finite elements method FEM of a shielded toroidal transformer. The paper focuses on creating a direct-coupled model (DCM) to understand the processes involved in electrical transformers cooling, using Magneto-AeroDynamic (MAD) models. The nonlinear models developed will be implemented and validated in …this parametric study for different inlet velocities and the number of outlet. Transformers generate heat during operation, and it’s important to control the temperature to prevent overheating and ensure reliable operation. Show more
Keywords: Shielded toroidal transformer, magneto-aerodynamic, direct-coupled model (DCM), parametric study
DOI: 10.3233/JAE-230243
Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-19, 2024
Authors: Chen, Chen | Zhang, Wenfeng
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: The optimized design of a new high-temperature superconducting rotating pole machine is presented. Its main structural feature is the use of a double stator core which separates the synchronous machine pole shoe from the pole body to rotate separately as the machine rotor, allowing the superconducting coil to operate in a stationary state. The inner stator core, the stationary dewar and the rotor core together form the excitation system of the machine. The excitation coil windings adopt a rectangular cross-section, with flux divertor strategically placed between the high-temperature superconducting coils. This configuration aims to modulate the background magnetic field, specifically …reducing the perpendicular magnetic field component. This mitigation minimizes the impact of ambient magnetic fields on the superconducting coil’s current carrying capacity, ensuring an optimized magnetic field environment for its operation. Through the integration of these modifications, the technical and economic parameters of the enhanced high-temperature superconducting machine have been significantly improved. The optimization of design, coupled with detailed calculations of the 3D electromagnetic field, was achieved utilizing the commercial software Ansys EM module. Show more
Keywords: YBCO high-temperature superconducting strips, critical current, superconducting rotating machine, optimized design, flux divertor
DOI: 10.3233/JAE-230085
Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-16, 2024
Authors: Ren, Qiao | Zhang, Jimin | Zhou, Hechao
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: In this study, a novel composite control scheme for the vehicle-guideway coupling systems is proposed, consisting of FTDOs and a FTC, aiming to address the challenges of unknown disturbances and vibration suppression. Specifically, this method adopts a single magnet-track coupling model and introduces a finite-time disturbance observer (FTDO) that utilizes only measured electromagnet-side signals to estimate unmeasurable states and unknown disturbances. Based on the estimated information provided by the FTDO, a finite-time control (FTC) scheme is developed, which simultaneously handles the problems of disturbance compensation and finite-time tracking control. Additionally, the finite-time stability of the levitation system is analyzed and …proven. Finally, simulation and experimental results are given to demonstrate the feasibility and superiority of the proposed control approach. Show more
Keywords: Maglev, vibration suppression, finite-time disturbance compensation, finite-time stabilization
DOI: 10.3233/JAE-230040
Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-19, 2024
Authors: Ding, Linglong | Zhang, Yunfeng | Jiang, Minmin
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: The initial stage in aircraft lightning protection design and safety certification involves delineating the lightning attachment zone. The lightning leader’s development is inherently random, favoring the shortest path to the aircraft fuselage. In response, we employ the enclosing ball method to establish the lightning attachment zone. First, define the center point of the aircraft as the coordinate position for the sphere’s center, creating a sphere with a specified radius. The leader’s initial position is then selected from any point on the sphere. Second, by calculating distances between the leader’s position and various areas on the aircraft surface, we determine the …shortest path. The corresponding aircraft surface area along this path is identified as the lightning attachment zone for the leader. Subsequently, choose a new leading position on the sphere and iterate through the calculation process until all sphere positions are considered. Finally, tally the occurrence frequencies for all calculated attachment areas, representing the attachment probability of each area based on its frequency of occurrence. This paper not only compares our method with the electrostatic field simulation method but also contrasts it with the probability distribution of lightning attachment points obtained from aircraft flight experiments. The comparison results are highly favorable, providing robust verification for the correctness of our approach. Show more
Keywords: Attachment point, lightning attachment zone, enclosing ball method, leader progession model
DOI: 10.3233/JAE-230026
Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-14, 2024
Authors: Muyskens, Sean M. | Morris, David R. | Yakey, Christopher J. | Goldstein, Robert C.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Induction tube welding systems utilize an internal magnetic flux controller (impeder) to improve process efficiency. Work has previously been done showing that soft magnetic composite (SMC) materials may be suitable to improve these systems. A test stand was devised for the physical simulation of SMC impeder performance for use in induction tube welding systems. Tests were run to determine the loading and cooling conditions in which an impeder core made of SMCs could survive. Additionally, 2D thermal simulations were run to determine the cooling system thresholds given a particular magnetic loading of the core. The goal of these tests was …to expand the design envelopes in which impeder cores made of SMCs could survive and validate their use in induction tube welding systems. Show more
Keywords: Induction tube welding, soft magnetic composites, induction heating
DOI: 10.3233/JAE-230218
Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Wang, Huimin | Guan, Peijun | Xu, Jiacheng | Guo, Liyan
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Compared with double-winding bearingless permanent magnet synchronous motor, single-winding bearingless permanent magnet synchronous motor (SBPMSM) has the advantages of low copper loss and low failure rate. However, if the slot-pole combination of SBPMSM is not reasonably selected, the winding coefficient will be reduced, and even many advantages of the single-winding structure will be offset. In this paper, a single-winding design method based on magnetomotive force (MMF) star diagram is proposed, which can ensure high winding coefficient. The design process of the proposed single winding structure is introduced. This method can match the appropriate number of stator slots according to the …number of rotor poles, and the winding phase separation design can be realized by reversing the slot number transposition. The mathematical models of the suspension force and torque of the bearingless permanent magnet synchronous motor are derived considering the magnetic field harmonics, and the 6-slot/2-pole SBPMSM and 18-slot/8-pole SBPMSM are taken as examples to analyze the magnetic field. The finite element simulation models of 6-slot/2-pole SBPMSM and 18-slot/8-pole SBPMSM are built and analyzed. Through the analysis of electromagnetic torque, suspension force and air-gap magnetic field under different magnetic fields, the general rules of main torque fluctuation and suspension force fluctuation are summarized. Show more
Keywords: Single-winding bearingless permanent magnet synchronous motor (SBPMSM), harmonic analysis, torque fluctuation, suspension force fluctuation, finite element simulation
DOI: 10.3233/JAE-230045
Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-21, 2024
Authors: Zhang, Yuanyuan | Liu, Zhao | Luan, Zaimao | Cao, Xuefen | Meng, Fanhui | Song, Lin
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Artificially triggered lightning experimental data from Guangdong Comprehensive Observation Experimental Base on Lightning Discharge (GCOELD) was applied to analyze the propagation effect of lightning electromagnetic field along the real ground surface. The accuracy of the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) on correcting lightning location system (LLS) errors was validated compared with the Elevation Model (EM). Results show that the wave-shape and time-delay of electromagnetic fields can be significantly affected when they propagate over the real ground surface. The time-delay of the field waveform become larger with an increasing roughness. The wavefront electric field is enhanced due to the reflection and variant of …the wave when lightning waves propagate across the high and sharp terrain. Near the lightning strokes, the peak of vertical electric value decreases significantly with the electrostatic shielding effect. The max time delay calculated by FDTD is 8.34 μs; while that by EM is 6.55 μs. In the selected nine lightning stroke points, eight are positively revised by EM, and five by FDTD. Both FDTD and EM can be used on LLS error revision caused by the real ground surface around GCOELD, although EM is more efficient than FDTD in this case. Show more
Keywords: Lightning location system errors, the Elevation Model, the finite-difference time-domain
DOI: 10.3233/JAE-230070
Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-16, 2024
Authors: Lucia, Oscar | Sarnago, Hector | Guillen, Pablo | Burdío, Jose M.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Induction heating is an efficient and high-performance heating method which already has a significant market penetration and economic impact due to its benefits inherent to contactless energy transfer systems such as quickness, cleanness, and safety. Efficiency is a key design parameter since it determines not only the appliance performance but also its environmental impact, with significant socio-political implications. However, it is not easy to determine and compare the actual power converter efficiency operating under highly variable conditions typical of IH. This paper proposes an averaged efficiency parameter elaborated based on technical and typical IH usage conditions that offers a useful …value to compare power converters operating under realistic operation conditions. The proposed parameter has been evaluated in some of the most significant power converter topologies used in reported state-of-the-art induction heating systems. Show more
Keywords: Induction heating, power electronics, efficiency
DOI: 10.3233/JAE-230122
Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Mendi-Altube, Amaiur | Villar, Irma | Carretero, Claudio | Acero, Jesús
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: This paper describes the procedure of electromagnetic and thermal modeling of an induction hardening load of 42CrMo4 steel. In addition to the temperature and field level dependent physical properties of the material, the magnetic behavior of the load is captured by means of some kind of non-linear impedance boundary condition which simplifies the computational cost of the simulation. The numerical results show the critical behavior around Curie temperature. Finally, a comparison between several simulation results and experimental measurements are provided to assess the usefulness of the proposed electro-thermal simulation.
Keywords: Induction heating, non-linear load, electro-thermal model, finite elements
DOI: 10.3233/JAE-230182
Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2024
Authors: Pavlovs, Sergejs | Jakovics, Andris | Chudnovsky, Alexander
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: This paper considers the azimuthal rotation of melt about the vertical axis of a DC EAF, which is ensured by an inclined installation of the power supply electrodes, which is a patented solution that is the basis for this article. Near inclined electrodes, the Lorentz force has a pronounced azimuthal component, which is the driver of the melt rotation without an external axial magnetic field – thus, additional energy consumption to create an external magnetic field is not necessary. The main design and technological solutions, formulated in the patent and presented by the authors, were obtained using observations and numerical …LES study for a laboratory-scale experimental setup (capacity 4.8 kg of GaInSn), as well as using LES computations for an industrial-scale DC EAF (capacity 3.6 t of molten steel). Basic technological solutions studied: the flow of the melt may be controlled by varying the number of vertical and inclined electrodes of DC EAF, choosing the angle of inclination of the electrodes as well as choosing the sequence of turning on and turning off power supply through the electrodes. Show more
Keywords: Direct current (DC), electric arc furnace (EAF), electro-vortex flow (EVF), large eddy simulation (LES), melt rotation, external magnetic field
DOI: 10.3233/JAE-230173
Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2024
Authors: Kimme, Jonas | Gruner, Jonas | Fröhlich, Alexander | Kroll, Martin
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Additive manufacturing is becoming increasingly widespread and has developed very dynamically in recent years. For the processing of metals, powder or wire is usually used as the feedstock. The energy source used in wire-based processes is usually electric arcs or lasers. In this contribution, a technological approach for additive manufacturing of metal structures by induction melting with pulsed generator power is used. Therefore, the principle of oscillating Lorentz forces is utilized in this approach and analytically investigated with the aid of a FE simulation model. In the experiments, a continuously fed steel wire is inductively melted and deposited dropwise onto …a substrate heated to different preheating temperatures without the use of a nozzle or crucible. Show more
Keywords: Induction melting, additive manufacturing, directed energy deposition, induction preheating, mild steel, wire feedstock, pulsed power
DOI: 10.3233/JAE-230183
Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Pascual, Alberto | Acero, Jesus | Narvaez, Alexis | Carretero, Claudio
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: The analysis of the magnetic properties of alloys with low Curie temperature used in domestic induction heating is presented. These alloys allow the development of cookware with additional benefits with respect to regular cookware oriented to improve temperature control and the user’s safety. Firstly, an experimental method to characterize the magnetic permeability with respect to the magnetic field strength and temperature in the material is presented. Secondly, a finite element simulation method is proposed which, considering the previous characterization, allows the calculation of the electrical equivalent of an inductor-load system as a function of temperature and magnetic field. This method …makes possible the application of finite element simulation in the frequency domain with nonlinear materials, which is of interest for the design of electronics associated with domestic applications of induction heating. Simulation results are experimentally verified with various ferromagnetic alloys with low Curie temperature at different power, temperature, and operating frequency ranges. Show more
Keywords: Domestic induction heating, electromagnetic characterization, finite element modeling
DOI: 10.3233/JAE-230166
Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-10, 2024
Authors: Desenfans, Philip | Gong, Zifeng | Vanoost, Dries | Gryllias, Konstantinos | Boydens, Jeroen | De Gersem, Herbert | Pissoort, Davy
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: This work compares three nonlinear solution methods for the performance of an induction motor’s magnetic equivalent circuit model with magnetic saturation. The interrelation between magnetic flux density and permeability introduces nonlinearities in the differential system of equations. Three popular nonlinear solution methods are selected for comparison, namely (i) the Gauss–Seidel method, (ii) the Newton–Raphson method and (iii) the inverse Broyden’s method. While all three methods have been applied in this context before, no comparison study has been published to the authors’ best knowledge. The study finds that the inverse Broyden’s method is most performant in terms of the number of …required iterations, the computation time per iteration and the resulting total computation time. However, for substantial saturation levels, the authors recommend a hybrid implementation of multiple solution methods to obtain robust and reliable convergence. Show more
Keywords: Magnetic equivalent circuit, nonlinear, induction motor, saturation, Gauss–Seidel, Newton–Raphson, inverse Broyden
DOI: 10.3233/JAE-230237
Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Álvarez-Gariburo, Ignacio | García-Galán, Enrique Cordero | Plaza, Marina Medel | Barrena, Enrique Gómez | Esteban, Jaime | Sarnago, Héctor | Acero, Jesús | Burdío, José Miguel | Lucia, Óscar
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Prosthetic implants, such as knee or hip prostheses, have significantly improved the wellbeing of citizens with articulation problems. However, there are still significant challenges in these procedures, being recurring infections one of the most challenging. In this context, hyperthermia has been studied as an effective alternative to antibiotics for biofilm eradication. Among the different heating alternatives, induction heating arises as the idoneous for this application due to its contactless nature and the metallic alloys used in prosthesis. This paper details the design of a portable induction heating system for implanted prosthesis disinfection.
Keywords: Induction heating, power electronics, biomedical applications, prosthesis disinfection
DOI: 10.3233/JAE-230123
Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-13, 2024
Authors: Bao, Guangqing | Chang, Yong | Zhang, Anan
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: This work aims to provide a unique analytical model designed for calculating the magnetic field of a surface-mounted permanent magnet Vernier motor (SPMVM). The model is created utilizing the separation variable method to solve Laplace or Poisson equations of the vector magnetic potential in a quasi-Cartesian coordinate system subdomain model. The theoretical justifications for the final analytical equations of electromagnetic torque, no-load back-EMF, stator inductance, and magnetic flux density distribution are given in detail. Then the solution of the equation is expressed in the form of a hyperbolic function. Furthermore, the improved analytical method in the study is generic and …can be applied to estimating the parameters of machines with different design concepts. Finally, FEM is employed as the reference for comparison between other models. Compared to the original subdomain model, the calculation results of the improved analytical model are more time-efficient and closer to those of FEM. In addition, the improved analytical method can reduce the dimension of the coefficient matrix and improve the calculation speed. The SPMVM prototype is then built to demonstrate the validity and feasibility of the improved subdomain method and serves as a guide for future SPMVM development. Show more
Keywords: Surface-mounted permanent magnet Vernier motor, magnetic vector potential, subdomain analytical model, hyperbolic function, quasi-Cartesian coordinate system
DOI: 10.3233/JAE-230062
Citation: International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-21, 2024
IOS Press, Inc.
6751 Tepper Drive
Clifton, VA 20124
USA
Tel: +1 703 830 6300
Fax: +1 703 830 2300
sales@iospress.com
For editorial issues, like the status of your submitted paper or proposals, write to editorial@iospress.nl
IOS Press
Nieuwe Hemweg 6B
1013 BG Amsterdam
The Netherlands
Tel: +31 20 688 3355
Fax: +31 20 687 0091
info@iospress.nl
For editorial issues, permissions, book requests, submissions and proceedings, contact the Amsterdam office info@iospress.nl
Inspirees International (China Office)
Ciyunsi Beili 207(CapitaLand), Bld 1, 7-901
100025, Beijing
China
Free service line: 400 661 8717
Fax: +86 10 8446 7947
china@iospress.cn
For editorial issues, like the status of your submitted paper or proposals, write to editorial@iospress.nl
如果您在出版方面需要帮助或有任何建, 件至: editorial@iospress.nl