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Price: EUR 185.00Authors: Greiner, Barbara | Kaiser, Ulrich | Maurer, Katharina | Stroszczynski, Christian | Jung, Ernst Michael
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Rapid evolution of ultrasound technology has allowed widespread use of handheld ultrasound devices (HHUDs) for many possible applications. Along with the adult population, the use of HHUDs for Point of Care Ultrasound (POCUS) in pediatric medicine has been increasing over the last few years. However, pediatric-specific literature is still scarce on mobile vascular ultrasound. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate diagnostic capabilities of Vscan Air™ in comparison with high-end ultrasound for the assessment of the internal jugular vein in children and adolescents. METHODS: 42 Internal Jugular Veins (IJVs) of 21 pediatric patients were scanned by …an experienced examiner using a WLAN-supported handheld ultrasound device (Vscan Air™) and high-end cart-based ultrasound (LOGIQ E9) as reference. B-Mode and Color-coded Doppler (CCDS) were performed and compared. Image quality was assessed using a score of 0 to 5 and statistically analyzed. Results were interpreted independently by two readers in consensus. RESULTS: 21 patients (2–17 years; mean 11,00±4,5 years; female n = 11, male n = 10) were examined. The rating score never dropped below 3 for both devices. The median score evaluation of B-Mode and CCDS for the high-end device was 5.00, of Vscan Air™ 5.00 for B-Mode and 4.00 for CCDS. A significant difference was shown between the two devices in the evaluation of CCDS. CONCLUSIONS: Vscan Air™ ultrasound device allows sufficient assessability of the IJV in pediatric patients, opening up new possibilities for fast and mobile POCUS of cervical veins and potential guidance of central venous catheter placement. Show more
Keywords: Handheld ultrasound, Vscan Air, POCUS, internal jugular vein, pediatric
DOI: 10.3233/CH-231981
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2023
Authors: Wang, Nan | Yan, Xueliang | Zhang, Zhiqi | Liu, Luping | Zhu, Ju | Huang, Xiao | Nie, Fang
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore whether the use of intravenous contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) can improve the diagnostic accuracy of T stage of gastric cancer on the basis of oral contrast-enhanced ultrasound (OCEUS). METHODS: Eighty-one patients with gastric cancer who underwent preoperative CEUS. Criteria for T staging was AJCC Stage 8th Edition. To compare the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of OCEUS and CEUS for T staging of gastric cancer using pathological results as the gold standard. RESULTS: There were differences in the diagnostic accuracy of T2 (P = 0.048), T3(P = 0.002) and T4 (P = 0.000) between OCEUS and CEUS. …And there was no difference in diagnostic accuracy for T1 (P = 0.118). CEUS significantly improved diagnostic sensitivity and specificity in T3 (42.86% to 61.90% for sensitivity, 86.96% to 93.75% for specificity), and T4 (64.71% to 76.47% for sensitivity, 78.33% to 95.74% for specificity). CONCLUSION: Compared with OCEUS, CEUS did improve the diagnostic accuracy of T2, T3, and T4 stages of gastric cancer. Show more
Keywords: T staging, ultrasonography, gastric cancer, intravenous contrast-enhanced ultrasound
DOI: 10.3233/CH-231949
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-8, 2023
Authors: Neira Agonh, Daniel | Scott, Cassidy | Trivedi, Purvi | Dickson, Kayle | White, Hannah | Zhou, Juan | Lehmann, Christian
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Pentobarbital and isoflurane are commonly used veterinary anesthetics. Due to the dangers of overdose by repeat-bolus regimen of pentobarbital, isoflurane has been recommended. However, literature suggests isoflurane-induced inhibition of cytokine and adhesion molecule release, impacting leukocyte adhesion. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to characterize the impacts of pentobarbital versus isoflurane on leukocyte interactions within the intestinal microcirculation with and without endotoxin challenge. METHODS: Female BALB/c mice were subjected to pentobarbital or isoflurane (N = 20) and challenged with endotoxin or saline by intraperitoneal injection. The mice were kept under anesthesia for 2 hours. Fluorochromes, rhodamine-6 G and fluorescein isothiocyanate, …were injected intravenously. To visualize leukocyte adhesion within the intestinal microcirculation, laparotomy and intravital microscopy was performed. Leukocyte rolling and adhesion was quantified offline in a blinded fashion. RESULTS: Within collecting venules, leukocyte rolling and adhesion showed no significant differences between pentobarbital and isoflurane anesthesia under basal conditions. Endotoxin challenge caused a similar response in both anesthetic groups. Within postcapillary venules, no statistical differences between the two anesthetics were found for adhering leukocytes under basal conditions or following endotoxin challenge either. However, leukocyte rolling after LPS-challenge was significantly decreased in postcapillary venules during isoflurane anesthesia compared to pentobarbital anesthesia. CONCLUSIONS: Isoflurane anesthesia showed only minor differences in the immune response to endotoxin within the intestinal microcirculation compared to pentobarbital anesthesia. Due to the superior safety profile of volatile anesthetics, immunological studies may choose isoflurane over pentobarbital as the veterinary anesthetic of choice. Show more
Keywords: Intravital microscopy, pentobarbital, isoflurane, leukocytes, microcirculation
DOI: 10.3233/CH-231989
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2023
Authors: Luo, Nan | Liang, Xiao-yu | Li, Lu | Zhang, Xiao | Zang, Chun-mei | Liu, Xi | Fan, Xiao-zhou
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: A rare foreign body accompanied by thrombosis in the right internal jugular vein was accidentally observed. We collected the medical history of this special patient, analyzed the causes and characteristics of the foreign body and thrombosis formation, and subsequently observed the changes in thrombosis. Finally, we discussed the diagnostic value of ultrasound for such rare intravascular lesions.
Keywords: Ultrasound, internal jugular vein, foreign body, thrombosis
DOI: 10.3233/CH-231988
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-5, 2023
Authors: Pan, Yanghong | Liu, Delin | Liang, Fei | Kong, Zixiang | Zhang, Xu | Ai, Qinqin
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: No studies have been retrieved comparing perfluorobutane with sulfur hexafluoride for microwave ablation (MWA) in small hepatocellular carcinoma(sHCC). OBJECTIVE: To retrospective investigate the value of perfluorobutane ultrasonography contrast agent in ultrasonography (US)-guided MWA of sHCC. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective clinical controlled study about US-guided percutaneous MWA in patients with sHCC, and in patients undergoing intra-operative treatment with perfluorobutane or sulfur hexafluoride. In both groups, a contrast agent was injected to clear the tumor and then a needle was inserted. A 5-point needle prick difficulty score was developed to compare needle prick difficulty in the …two groups of cases. RESULTS: A total of 67 patients were included: 25 patients in group perfluorobutane, aged 41–82 (60.64±9.46), tumor size 1.1–2.8 (1.78±0.45) cm. 42 patients in group sulfur hexafluoride, aged 38–78 (62.26±9.27), with tumor size of 1.1–3.0 (1.89±0.49) cm. There was no significant difference in age or tumor size in both groups (P > 0.05). Puncture difficulty score (5-point): 2.0–2.7 (2.28±0.29) in group perfluorobutane, and 2.0–4.7 (2.95±0.85) in group sulfur hexafluoride, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Enhanced imaging results within 3 months after surgery: complete ablation rate was 100% (25/25) in the group perfluorobutane, 95.2% (40/42 in the group sulfur hexafluoride), with no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Perfluorobutane kupffer phase can make the operator accurately deploy the ablation needle and reduce the difficulty of operation. Show more
Keywords: Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS), liver cancer, perfluorobutane (Sonazoid), kupffer, microwave ablation (MWA)
DOI: 10.3233/CH-232055
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2024
Authors: Tzirakis, Konstantinos | Kontopodis, Nikolaos | Ioannou, Christos V.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the hemodynamic performance of three (Bottom Up non-ballet, Top-Down non-ballet, Top Down ballet) idealized stent graft configurations used during endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms, under the influence of various rheological models. METHODS: Ten rheological models are assumed and a commercial finite volume solver is employed for the simulation of blood flow under realistic boundary conditions. An appropriate mesh convergence study is performed and five hemodynamic variables are computed: the time average wall shear stress (TAWSS), oscillatory shear index (OSI), relative residence time (RRT), endothelial cell activation potential and displacement force (DF) for all three …configurations. RESULTS: The choice of blood flow model may affect results, but does not constitute a significant determinant on the overall performance of the assumed stent grafts. On the contrary, stent graft geometry has a major effect. Specifically, the Bottom Up non-ballet type is characterized by the least favorable performance presenting the lowest TAWSS and the highest OSI, RRT and ECAP values. On the other hand, the Top Down ballet type presents hemodynamic advantages yielding the highest TAWSS and lowest OSI, RRT and ECAP average values. Furthermore, the ballet type is characterized by the lowest DF, although differences observed are small and their clinical relevance uncertain. CONCLUSIONS: The effect of the assumed rheological model on the overall performance of the grafts is not significant. It is thus relatively safe to claim that it is the type of stent graft that determines its overall performance rather than the adopted blood flow model. Show more
Keywords: Non-Newtonian blood flow, idealized stent graft, computational fluid dynamics, finite volume method, hemodynamic parameters
DOI: 10.3233/CH-232058
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-21, 2024
Authors: Yao, Miao-Miao | Lin, Ting-Ting | Shi, Xu | Chen, Mei-Gui | Wu, Jia-Xiang | Zhao, Yan-Ping | Lin, Bao-Shan
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) formation of lower extremities can lead to serious complications including pulmonary embolism (PE) and chronic post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS). We aimed to explore the relationship between the ratio of thrombotic density and the occurrence of PE and PTS in patients with DVT of the lower extremities. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted in patients who performed computed tomography venography, dividing into DVT with PE group (54 patients) and DVT-alone group (34 patients), The clinical data were recorded. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analysis variables associated with PE. The ability of …thrombosis density ratio and Wells score to diagnose PE was evaluated by using the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) area under the curve (AUC). According to the treatment and follow-up results, subgroup analysis was performed, and the Villata score was used to determine the presence or absence of PTS and its severity. RESULTS: Compare with the DVT-alone group, more patients had dyspnea and chest pain in the DVT with PE group. DVT with PE group had lower the percentage of neutrophils, white blood cell count and platelet count, while had higher blood cell count, D-dimer, wells score, thrombus and thrombus density ratio. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that percentage of neutrophils (OR(95% CIs)=1.15 (1.01,1.31), P = 0.040), platelets (OR(95% CIs)=0.96 (0.93,0.99), P = 0.011), and thrombus density ratio (OR(95% CIs)=5.99 (1.96,18.35), P = 0.002) are independent predictors of PE. The Wells score and thrombosis density ratio were consistent in the diagnostic efficacy of PE. In the subgroup analysis, there was a relevance between the ratio of thrombosis density and the Villalta score. CONCLUSION: Percentage of neutrophils, platelets, and thrombus density ratio are independent predictors of PE. The thrombosis density of DVT patients may be an index to predict the risk of PE and PTS in DVT patients. Show more
Keywords: Deep vein thrombosis of lower limbs, thrombotic density ratio, pulmonary embolism, post-thrombotic syndrome
DOI: 10.3233/CH-231778
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2023
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: The present study probes into the role and mechanism of ubiquitin specific peptidase 14 (USP14) in coronary heart disease (CHD)-triggered endothelial cell pyroptosis. METHODS: An in vitro CHD model was established by inducing human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). HCAECs were transfected with si-USP14, followed by evaluation of cell viability by CCK-8 assay, detection of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity by assay kit, detection of USP14, miR-15b-5p, NLRP3, GSDMD-N, and Cleaved-Caspase-1 expressions by qRT-PCR or Western blot, as well as IL-1β and IL-18 concentrations by ELISA. Co-IP confirmed the binding between USP14 …and NLRP3. The ubiquitination level of NLRP3 in cells was measured after protease inhibitor MG132 treatment. Dual-luciferase reporter assay verified the targeting relationship between miR-15b-5p and USP14. RESULTS: USP14 and NLRP3 were highly expressed but miR-15b-5p was poorly expressed in ox-LDL-exposed HCAECs. USP14 silencing strengthened the viability of ox-LDL-exposed HCAECs, reduced the intracellular LDH activity, and diminished the NLRP3, GSDMD-N, Cleaved-Caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 expressions. USP14 bound to NLRP3 protein and curbed its ubiquitination. Repression of NLRP3 ubiquitination counteracted the inhibitory effect of USP14 silencing on HCAEC pyroptosis. miR-15b-5p restrained USP14 transcription and protein expression. miR-15b-5p overexpression alleviated HCAEC pyroptosis by suppressing USP14/NLRP3. CONCLUSION: USP14 stabilizes NLRP3 protein expression through deubiquitination, thereby facilitating endothelial cell pyroptosis in CHD. miR-15b-5p restrains endothelial cell pyroptosis by targeting USP14 expression. Show more
Keywords: Coronary heart disease, endothelial cell pyroptosis, USP14, miR-15b-5p, NLRP3
DOI: 10.3233/CH-232003
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-14, 2023
Authors: Yang, Yun-Ping | Chiu, Ching-Tang | Chao, Anne | Yeh, Yu-Chang | Sun, Wei-Zen | Liu, Chih-Min | Chan, Wing-Sum
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study measured normal ranges of microcirculatory parameters in healthy individuals and investigated differences in parameters by age and sex. METHODS: Participants were enrolled into three groups with equal numbers of male and female: young (20–39 years), middle-aged (40–59 years), and elderly (60–79 years). Sublingual microcirculation images were obtained using the incident dark field (IDF). RESULTS: A total of 75 female and 75 male healthy individuals were enrolled. The elderly group had a higher TVD (26.5 [2 ] vs. 25.2 [1.8 ]; p = 0.019) and a lower PPV (97 [2 ] vs. 98 [3 ]; …p = 0.03) than did the young group. In the elderly group, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were moderately and positively correlated with MFI score (r = 0.407, p < 0.05, and r = 0.403, p < 0.05, respectively). The female participants had a lower MFI score than did the male participants (2.9 [2.8–3 ] vs. 3.0 [2.9–3 ]; p = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed the range of microcirculatory parameters between different ages and sexes in healthy individuals. We found that blood pressure levels were correlated with microcirculatory parameters, especially in elders and female. Show more
Keywords: microcirculation, healthy individuals, sublingual
DOI: 10.3233/CH-231807
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2023
Authors: Astapenko, David | Zrzavecky, Marek | Gorskaja, Diana | Hyspler, Radomir | Ticha, Alena | Radochova, Vera | Lehmann, Christian | Malbrain, Manu L.N.G. | Cerny, Vladimir | Hahn, Robert G.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Endothelial glycocalyx (EG) plays a crucial role in maintaining the plasma proteins within the intravascular space. OBJECTIVE: We studied whether exogenous albumin protects the EG in an experimental model of EG enzymatic damage in rats. METHODS: Rats were divided into three groups of 10 animals that received (1) Evans blue (2) Evans blue + hyaluronidase, or (3) Evans blue + hyaluronidase + 20% human albumin via the tail vein. Spectrophotometric analysis was performed 2 h later to quantify the leakage of Evans blue-labeled albumin into the heart, lungs, brain, kidneys, liver, small intestine, spleen, and skeletal muscle. RESULTS: Administration of …hyaluronidase numerically increased the capillary leakage of Evans blue in all examined tissues. Co-administration of albumin decreased the leakage of albumin in all tissues except the heart. In the lungs, the ratio between the absorbance and dry organ weight decreased from 5.3 ± 2.4 to 1.7 ± 0.5 (mean ± SD) (P < 0.002), and in the liver, the absorbance decreased from 2.2 ± 0.7 to 1.5 ± 0.4 (P < 0.011). CONCLUSION: Exogenous albumin decreased the capillary leakage of albumin which was interpreted as a sign of maintained EG integrity. Show more
Keywords: Albumin, endothelial glycocalyx, microcirculation, evans blue, spectrophotometry
DOI: 10.3233/CH-232027
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-9, 2023
Authors: Cavalcante dos Santos, Elaine | Creteur, Jacques | Taccone, Fabio Silvio
Article Type: Letter
Abstract: Alterations in skin blood flow (SBF) may help to detect occult hypoperfusion in critically ill patients after fluid resuscitation. In this study, SBF is globally unaltered by red blood cell transfusion (RBCT) in non-bleeding critically ill patients after initial resuscitation; however, 37.5% of patients showed a significant increase in SBF. No correlation between relative changes in SBF and systemic variables after RBCT was observed.
Keywords: Tissue perfusion, red blood cell transfusions, skin laser Doppler
DOI: 10.3233/CH-232091
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-6, 2024
Authors: Zhang, Ao-Yi | Dong, Ya-Xin | Tan, Yan-Di | Dian-Shen, | Heng-Sun, | Nie, Shu-Ting | Shao, Yuan-Yuan | Feng-Xian, | Hu, Wen-Shu | Li, Xin-YI | Tao-Xu, | Li, An-Ni | Chang-Zhou, | Liang-Xu,
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate predictors of anticoagulation efficacy in deep venous thrombosis (DVT) by ultrasound elastography (UE). METHODS: The basic clinical, laboratory and ultrasound treatment data of fifty-eight patients with DVT were collected and analyzed. Then the results of ultrasound after 3-month anticoagulation treatment were compared among different groups. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors that affected anticoagulation efficacy. The predictive efficacy of each independent risk factor was accessed by drawing operating characteristic (ROC) curves. RESULTS: According to the regression analysis, the elastic modulus (OR = 0.631, P = 0.001) and strain …rate ratio (OR = 0.332, P = 0.006) were identified as independent risk factors for the effectiveness of anticoagulation therapy in patients with DVT. According to the ROC curves, elastic modulus and strain rate ratio could predict effective anticoagulation therapy for DVT, and the optimal threshold values were 22.10 kPa and 1.80 respectively. The corresponding AUC values were 0.879 and 0.854, with a sensitivity of 71.4% and 59.5%, a specificity of 93.7%, and a Youden index of 65.1% and 62.7%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The elastic modulus (≤22.10 kPa) or strain rate ratio (≤1.80) of the thrombus were independent predictors for the effectiveness of anticoagulation therapy. Show more
Keywords: Elastography, deep vein thrombosis, anticoagulation
DOI: 10.3233/CH-232031
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-15, 2024
Authors: Qiao, Qi | Wang, Bingshuang | Xu, Minzhe | Qi, Zhengqin
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate plaque vulnerability by carotid contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and to analyze the correlation between plaque vulnerability and peripheral blood leukocyte classification. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 135 patients with carotid plaque were examined by contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Plaque vulnerability was assessed by semiquantitative visual classification. Baseline clinical data and peripheral leukocyte classification were collected. Ordered logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between plaque neovascularization grade and peripheral leukocyte classification count. RESULTS: There were significant differences in leukocyte, monocyte, neutrophil, mean platelet volume, lymphocyte, and neutrophil counts between different neovascular plaque grades and …peripheral blood (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that leukocyte, monocyte, and neutrophil counts were significantly positively correlated. CONCLUSION: The increase in plaque neovascularization is associated with an increase in circulating leukocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils. Therefore, CEUS combined with peripheral blood leukocytes may serve as an early warning of plaque vulnerability and provide a theoretical basis for clinical treatment. Show more
Keywords: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound, carotid plaque, leukocyte, inflammation
DOI: 10.3233/CH-232034
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Javakhishvili, I. | Sanikidze, T. | Mardaleishvili, K. | Momtselidze, N. | Urdulashvili, T. | Mantskava, M. | Prantl, L. | Jung, F.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The functioning of the thyroid gland is a multi-component process that in some conditions may undergo alterations. The thyroid gland is part of the endocrine system that produces the iodine-containing hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Thyroid hormones, control metabolism and energy, growth processes, maturation of tissues and organs, regulation of blood flow, and, therefore, providing vital functions of the body. The role of thyroid hormones in the regulation of blood flow is determined by the intensity of their production and the quantity in the blood. Presumably, in case of oncological and non-oncological diseases of the thyroid gland, the fluidity of …the blood, which depends on the rheological properties, will be different. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was investigating rheological characteristics for studying of changes of rheology in patients with thyrotoxicosis, with benign tumor pathology of the thyroid gland, with thyroid cancer and finding possible diagnostic markers for differentiating benign and malignant thyroid tumors METHODS: In this regard, we examined, using modern methods accepted in clinical practice, a standard list of recommended diagnostic tests in the group of patients (thyrotoxicosis: n = 25; benign tumor: n = 47), thyroid cancer: n = 35) and control group (n = 15), and with new original methods, parameters that describe the rheological properties of the blood, such as blood rheological index, volume, thickness, surface area of erythrocytes, erythrocyte aggregation index, deformation index, plasma viscosity, hematocrits. RESULTS: Against the background of relative changes in the studied values, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that erythrocyte aggregation in patients with a benign form and control, as well as in patients with a malignant form and control, differ significantly from each other, in addition, there is a significant difference between aggregation in the group of patients with benign and control aggregation. malignant forms of the disease. It is significant that aggregability differs in patients with thyrotoxicosis and in controls. This indicates that erythrocyte aggregation is particularly informative. The blood rheological index most clearly demonstrated the difference between benign and malignant forms of the disease. Significantly changed compared to control in various forms of thyroid diseases. CONCLUSION: Additional diagnostic markers for differentiating benign and malignant thyroid tumors may be consideredeerythrocyte aggregation index and blood rheological index. Show more
Keywords: Thyroid gland, rheology, oncology
DOI: 10.3233/CH-249102
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-12, 2024
Authors: Xu, Ya-Dan | Tang, Yang | Zhang, Qi | Zhao, Zheng-Yong | Zhao, Chong-Ke | Fan, Pei-Li | Jin, Yun-Jie | Ji, Zheng-Biao | Han, Hong | Xu, Hui-Xiong | Shi, Yi-Lei | Xu, Ben-Hua | Li, Xiao-Long
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: At present, most articles mainly focused on the diagnosis of thyroid nodules by using artificial intelligence (AI), and there was little research on the detection performance of AI in thyroid nodules. OBJECTIVE: To explore the value of a real-time AI based on computer-aided diagnosis system in the detection of thyroid nodules and to analyze the factors influencing the detection accuracy. METHODS: From June 1, 2022 to December 31, 2023, 224 consecutive patients with 587 thyroid nodules were prospective collected. Based on the detection results determined by two experienced radiologists (both with more than 15 years …experience in thyroid diagnosis), the detection ability of thyroid nodules of radiologists with different experience levels (junior radiologist with 1 year experience and senior radiologist with 5 years experience in thyroid diagnosis) and real-time AI were compared. According to the logistic regression analysis, the factors influencing the real-time AI detection of thyroid nodules were analyzed. RESULTS: The detection rate of thyroid nodules by real-time AI was significantly higher than that of junior radiologist (P = 0.013), but lower than that of senior radiologist (P = 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that nodules size, superior pole, outside (near carotid artery), close to vessel, echogenicity (isoechoic, hyperechoic, mixed-echoic), morphology (not very regular, irregular), margin (unclear), ACR TI-RADS category 4 and 5 were significant independent influencing factors (all P < 0.05). With the combination of real-time AI and radiologists, junior and senior radiologist increased the detection rate to 97.4% (P < 0.001) and 99.1% (P = 0.015) respectively. CONCLUSONS: The real-time AI has good performance in thyroid nodule detection and can be a good auxiliary tool in the clinical work of radiologists. Show more
Keywords: Artificial intelligence, thyroid, nodule, ultrasonography
DOI: 10.3233/CH-242099
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-14, 2024
Authors: Yan, Wentao | He, Xiuhua | Wang, Guanjun | Hu, Guochao | Cui, Bin
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Visceral adipose tissue-derived serine protease inhibitor (vaspin) is an adipokine. It has been reported that decreased serum vaspin levels are significantly associated with stroke severity and prognosis. PURPOSE: This article aims to explore the theoretical feasibility of vaspin supplementation for cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. METHODS: The I/R mouse models were constructed by the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) method, and the effects of vaspin on cerebral infarction, neurological function, angiogenesis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress were explored. To verify the mediation of ER stress in the regulation of vaspin, human brain microvascular …endothelial cells (HBMECs) were subjected to ER stress agonist tunicamycin in vitro . The impacts of vaspin and tunicamycin on oxygen glucose deprivation/ recovery (OGD/R)-induced cell viability, apoptosis, and angiogenesis were examined. RESULTS: Vaspin inhibited blood-brain barrier breakdown and infarction occurred in the brain tissue of the I/R mice. Vaspin also enhanced cerebral neovascularization and reduced the apoptosis. Additional tunicamycin increased the apoptosis of HBMECs and inhibited angiogenesis, reversing the protective effect of vaspin on cells. CONCLUSION: Together, this study reveals that vaspin supplementation reduces cerebral infarction and works against neurological dysfunction. It maintains the survival and angiogenesis capacity of HBMECs by inhibiting ER stress. Show more
Keywords: Vaspin, ER stress, I/R injury, OGD/R, microvascular endothelial cell
DOI: 10.3233/CH-232077
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: He, Yu-Chuan | Yuan, Guo-Dong | Li, Nan | Ren, Mei-Fang | Qian-Zhang, | Deng, Kai-Ning | Wang, Le-Chuan | Xiao, Wei-Ling | Ma, Nan | Stamm, Christof | Felthaus, Oliver | Prantl, Lukas | Nie, Jia | Wang, Gang
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Myocardial infarction refers to the ischemic necrosis of myocardium, characterized by a sharp reduction or interruption of blood flow in the coronary arteries due to the coronary artery occlusion, resulting in severe and prolonged ischemia in the corresponding myocardium and ultimately leading to ischemic necrosis of the myocardium. Given its high risk, it is considered as one of the most serious health threats today. In current clinical practice, multiple approaches have been explored to diminish myocardial oxygen consumption and alleviate symptoms, but notable success remains elusive. Accumulated clinical evidence has showed that the implantation of mesenchymal stem cell for treating …myocardial infarction is both effective and safe. Nevertheless, there persists controversy and variability regarding the standardizing MSC transplantation protocols, optimizing dosage, and determining the most effective routes of administration. Addressing these remaining issues will pave the way of integration of MSCs as a feasible mainstream cardiac treatment. Show more
Keywords: Myocardial infarction, mesenchymal stem cells, nanomaterials
DOI: 10.3233/CH-249101
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-16, 2024
Authors: Magnusson, Marine M. M. | Schüpbach-Regula, Gertraud | Rieger, Juliane | Plendl, Johanna | Marin, Ilka | Drews, Barbara | Kaessmeyer, Sabine
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: Objective: BACKGROUND: The use of endothelial cell cultures has become fundamental to study angiogenesis. Recent advances in artificial intelligences (AI) offer opportunities to develop automated assessment methods in medical research, analyzing larger datasets. Objective: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the application of AI with a manual method to morphometrically quantify in vitro angiogenesis. Objective: METHODS: Co-cultures of human microvascular endothelial cells and fibroblasts were incubated mimicking endothelial capillary-beds. An AI-software was trained for segmentation of endothelial capillaries on anti-CD31-labeled light microscope crops. Number of capillaries …and branches and average capillary diameter were measured by the AI and manually on 115 crops. Objective: RESULTS: The crops were analyzed faster by the AI than manually (3 minutes vs 1 hour per crop). Using the AI, systematically more capillaries (mean 48/mm2 vs 27/mm2 ) and branches (mean 23/mm2 vs 11/mm2 ) were counted than manually. Both methods had a strong linear relationship in counting capillaries and branches (r-capillaries = 0.88, r-branches = 0.89). No correlation was found for measurements of the diameter (r-diameter = 0.15). Objective: CONCLUSIONS: The present AI reduces the time required for quantitative analysis of angiogenesis on large datasets, and correlates well with manual analysis. Show more
Keywords: Artificial intelligence, HMVEC, machine learning, endothelial cells, angiogenesis
DOI: 10.3233/CH-242157
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-16, 2024
Authors: Rother, D. | Gehron, J. | Brenck, F. | Hudel, H. | Böning, A. | Wenzel, F.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 causes a considerable degradation of pulmonary function to the point of an acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Over the course of the disease the gas exchange capability of the lung can get impaired to such an extent that extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is needed as a life-saving intervention. In patients COVID-19 as well as ECMO may cause severe coagulopathies which manifest themselves in micro and macro thrombosis. Previous studies established D-dimers as a marker for critical thrombosis of the ECMO system while on admission increased D-dimers are associated with a higher mortality in COIVD-19 patients. It is …therefore crucial to determine if COVID-19 poses an increased risk of early thrombosis of the vital ECMO system. METHODS: 40 patients who required ECMO support were enrolled in a retrospective analysis and assigned into 2 groups. The COVID group consist of 20 COVID-19 patients who required ECMO support (n = 20), whereas 20 ECMO patients without COVID-19 were assigned to the control group. D-dimers, fibrinogen, antithrombin III (AT III), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and platelet count were analysed using locally weighted scatterplot smoothing and MANOVAs. RESULTS: The analysis of both groups shows highly significant differences in the dynamics of hemostasis. The increase in D-dimers that is associated with thrombosis of the ECMO systems occurs in COVID-19 patients around 2 days earlier (p = 2,8115 10–11 ) while fibrinogen is consumed steadily. In the control group fibrinogen levels increase rapidly after ten days with a plateau phase of around five days (p = 1,407 10–3 ) . Both groups experience a rapid increase in AT III after start of support by ECMO (p = 5,96 10–15 ). In the COVID group platelet count decreased from 210 giga/l to 130 giga/l within eight days, while in the same time span in the control group platelets decreased from 180 giga/l to 105 giga/l (p = 1,1 10–15 ). In both groups a marked increase in LDH beyond 5000 U/l occurs (p = 3,0865 10–15 ). CONCLUSION: The early increase in D-dimers and decrease in fibrinogen suggests that COVID-19 patients bear an increased risk of early thrombosis of the ECMO system compared to other diseases treated with ECMO. Additionally, the control group shows signs of severe inflammation 10 days after the start of ECMO which were absent in COVID-19 patients. Show more
DOI: 10.3233/CH-229105
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-11, 2024
Authors: Bagherzadeh-Rahmani, Behnam | Marzetti, Emanuele | Karami, Esmail | Campbell, Bill I. | Fakourian, Ali | Haghighi, Amir Hossein | Mousavi, Seyyed Hossein | Heinrich, Katie M. | Brazzi, Luca | Jung, Friedrich | Baker, Julien S. | Patel, Darpan I.
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 6 weeks of resistance training (RT) combined with aerobic training (AT) and Tirzepatide supplementation on lipid profiles, insulin resistance, anthropometric characteristics and physical fitness in prediabetic obese soldiers. METHODS: 61 obese men were randomly divided into six groups: Placebo; Tirzepatide 5 mg (T5); Tirzepatide 2.5 mg (T2.5); Hypertrophy, Strength, Power-Circuit Training+Placebo (Ex+P); Hypertrophy, Strength, Power-Circuit Training+Tirzepatide 5 mg (Ex+T5); Hypertrophy, Strength, Power-Circuit Training+Tirzepatide 2.5 mg (Ex+T2.5). All training groups performed aerobic training (AT) after resistance training. Subjects trained for six weeks, three sessions per week. Before and after …the intervention period, the participants were evaluated for anthropometric measures, body composition [body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist to hip ratio (WHR) and fat mass (FM)], cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2 max), and muscle strength (chest press 1RM and leg press 1RM). Blood biochemistry evaluations included triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin level and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). To evaluate the differences between the groups, ANCOVA statistical method was used along with Bonferroni’s post hoc test, and the significance level was P < 0.05. RESULTS: Body weight, BMI, WC, FM, FBG, LDL-C, TC, TG and HOMA-IR were significantly decreased in Ex+P, Ex+T5 and Ex+T2.5 groups compared to Placebo, T5 and T2.5 groups. WHR significantly decreased in Ex+P, Ex+T5 and Ex+T2.5 groups compared to Placebo group. HDL-C, chest press and leg press significantly increased in Ex+P, Ex+T5 and Ex+T2.5 groups compared to Placebo, T5 and T2.5 groups. VO2 max significantly increased and insulin significantly decreased in Ex+P group compared to Placebo, T5 and T2.5 groups. FM, FBG and TG were significantly decreased in both the T2.5 and T5 groups compared to Placebo group. HOMA-IR, LDL-C and TC significantly decreased in the T5 group compared to Placebo group. Also, leg press significantly increased in Ex+P group compared to all other groups. CONCLUSIONS: Performing six weeks of combined resistance and aerobic training in the form of RT+AT alone is more effective than the simultaneous use of Tirzepatide on cardiorespiratory fitness, strength, and modulating insulin levels. Taking Tirzepatide in doses of 5 mg and 2.5 mg in combination with exercise training did not have a significant advantage over exercise training alone. Finally, taking Tirzepatide in doses of 5 mg or 2.5 mg in combination with exercise training is not significantly superior to each other. Show more
Keywords: Obesity, combined training, GIP, GLP-1, Tirzepatide
DOI: 10.3233/CH-242134
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-16, 2024
Authors: Chen, Jianfei | Guan, Peishan | Sun, Pei | Yu, Qing | Yuan, Haixia
Article Type: Research Article
Abstract: As a rare biliary tract tumor, intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct (IPNB) is most common in elderly men and can progress to cholangiocarcinoma- (CCa) if left untreated. It is reported that IPNB usually communicates with the bile duct. As a result, the downstream bile ducts are imaged asymmetrically dilated. However, a case of IPNB that we report here is different. Enhanced MRI revealed a lack of connectivity with the bile duct in this case. Based on this, the purpose of this case study is to suggest that the majority of imaging doctors should widely understand the various imaging …manifestations of the disease to avoid misdiagnosis. In addition, although this feature was not indicated by ultrasound in this case, given previous studies and considering the convenience and non-ionizing radiation damage of CEUS, we recommend its use as a screening method for IPNB to improve diagnostic accuracy. Show more
Keywords: Intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct, cholangiocarcinoma, contrast-enhanced ultrasound
DOI: 10.3233/CH-242167
Citation: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, vol. Pre-press, no. Pre-press, pp. 1-6, 2024
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