Affiliations: [a] National, University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| [b] Forman Christian College, Lahore, Pakistan
| [c] Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt, Germany
| [d] Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Correspondence:
[*]
Corresponding author. Maria Tamoor, ORCID: 0000-0002-3023-6706, E-mail: mariatamoor@fccollege.edu.pk.
Abstract: In the past few years, due to the increased usage of internet, smartphones, sensors and digital cameras, more than a million images are generated and uploaded daily on social media platforms. The massive generation of such multimedia contents has resulted in an exponential growth in the stored and shared data. Certain ever-growing image repositories, consisting of medical images, satellites images, surveillance footages, military reconnaissance, fingerprints and scientific data etc., has increased the motivation for developing robust and efficient search methods for image retrieval as per user requirements. Hence, it is need of the hour to search and retrieve relevant images efficiently and with good accuracy. The current research focuses on Content-based Image Retrieval (CBIR) and explores well-known transfer learning-based classifiers such as VGG16, VGG19, EfficientNetB0, ResNet50 and their variants. These deep transfer leaners are trained on three benchmark image datasets i.e., CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100 and CINIC-10 containing 10, 100, and 10 classes respectively. In total 16 customized models are evaluated on these benchmark datasets and 96% accuracy is achieved for CIFAR-10 while 83% accuracy is achieved for CIFAR-100.
Keywords: CBIR, transfer learning, CNN, VGG-16, VGG-19, ResNet-50, EfficientNet, deep learning
