Abstract: Nowadays, as an indispensable part of urban infrastructure, urban rail transit (URT) vehicles have also developed rapidly. A large amount of manpower, material resources, and financial resources need to be invested in the construction process of URT. For URT vehicles, research on more accurate fault prediction methods can save a lot of maintenance costs and improve the reliability of URT construction. As an important electrical equipment for urban rail transit vehicles to obtain electric energy from the catenary, the operation of rail transit vehicles puts forward higher performance requirements for the pantograph. For solving the problems of low accuracy of fault prediction, over reliance on practical experience and high cost of fault prediction in the application of traditional URT vehicle pantograph fault prediction model. Combining sensor network and artificial intelligence algorithm, this paper analyzed the traditional rail transit vehicle pantograph fault prediction model, and verified it through comparative experiments. Through the comparative analysis of the experimental results, this paper can draw a conclusion that compared with the traditional rail transit vehicle pantograph fault prediction model, the rail transit vehicle pantograph fault prediction model has higher fault prediction accuracy, less model response time, lower risk of pantograph failure, higher model application satisfaction, and the accuracy of fault prediction increased by about 6.6%. The rail transit vehicle pantograph fault prediction model can effectively improve the accuracy of vehicle pantograph fault prediction, which can greatly promote the safety of URT and promote the intelligent process of URT.
