Predictive value of preoperative inflammatory markers and serum CA 125 level for surgical outcome in Indonesian women with epithelial ovarian cancer

Article type: Research Article

Authors: Sastra, Winata I. Gde^{a; *} | Aditya, Prayudi Pande Kadek^b | Gradiyanto, Ongko Eric^b | Ketut, Suwiyoga^a

Affiliations: [a] Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Udayana University/Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia | [b] Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Udayana University/Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia

Correspondence: [*] Corresponding author: Winata I. Gde Sastra, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Udayana University/Sanglah Hospital, Sanglah General Hospital, Diponegoro Street, Denpasar, Bali, 80234, Indonesia. E-mail: sastra@unud.ac.id.

Abstract: BACKGROUND: It is essential in the management of ovarian cancers to identify the patients who will benefit from primary complete cytoreductive surgery and those who will rather benefit from neoadjuvant chemotherapy. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the predictive value of preoperative inflammatory markers, i.e. platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR), red cell distribution width (RDW), and serum CA125 level for surgical outcome in epithelial ovarian cancer. METHODS: A retrospective study was carried out in Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali. A total of 54 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer who underwent primary exploratory laparotomy from January 2018 to November 2019 was recruited. Data about clinical characteristics, preoperative inflammatory markers, serum CA125 level, and surgical outcome (optimal vs. suboptimal) was collected from the medical records. Predictive value of the markers were evaluated using ROC curve to determine their accuracy (area under the curve, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value). RESULTS: Mean age, parity, and tumor size did not differ between the study groups (p> 0.05). The group with suboptimal outcome had significantly higher PLR, NLR, MLR, and RDW value (p< 0.05). Using the ROC curve, a cut off value was determined for each predictor, i.e. PLR: 196.50, NLR: 3.34, MLR: 0.24, RDW: 13.19, CA125: 300.85. AUC for each predictor were as follows: PLR 0.718 (95% CI: 0.578–0.859), NLR 0.676 (95% CI: 0.529–0.823), MLR 0.700 (95% CI: 0.560–0.839), RDW 0.712 (95% CI: 0.572–0.852), CA125 0.593 (95% CI: 0.436–0.750). Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for predicting suboptimal outcome were as follows: PLR (74.2%, 69.6%, 72.2%), NLR (64.5%, 60.9%, 62.9%), MLR (74.2%, 59.1%, 66.7%), RDW (74.2%, 60.9%, 68.5%), CA125 (54.8%, 60.9%, 57.4%). We have some limitations such as small numbers of sample, we generalized whole kinds of ovarian cancer, and this study does not describe follow-up features. CONCLUSION: Preoperative serum inflammatory markers (PLR, MLR, and RDW) may serve as useful markers to predict the surgical outcome with fair accuracy in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.

Keywords: Epithelial ovarian cancer, inflammatory markers, predictive value, surgical outcome

DOI: 10.3233/CBM-201415

Journal: Cancer Biomarkers, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 123-129, 2022